Heater



(No Model.) 2 Sheets*Sheet 1.

T. FARMER, J1".

HEATER. No. 446,673. Patented Feb. 17, 189 1" M 15131 3 595! [n yen 25m":

(No Model.) 2'Sheets-Sheet 2.

T. FARMER, Jr.

HEATER.

No. 446,673. Patented Feb. 17,1891.

NlTED STATES rricn.

THOMAS FARMER, JR, 0F BLOOMINGTO N, ILLINOIS.

HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,673, dated February 1'7, 1891.

Application filed April 23, 1890.

To all whom it; may concern.-

Be it known that I. THOMAS FARMER, Jr, a citizen of the United States, residing at llloomington, in the county of McLean and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to construct a heater in which the smoke and gases are made to pass through two heated currents of air before escaping from combustion-chamber, such construction being made to assist in the combustion of the fuel and the combustion of the smoke and gases caused by said combustion.

The further object is to locate a perforated section above the fire-chamber, through which opening the products of combustion pass to the outlet, thereby exposing more heating surface to the fire.

In the accompanying drawings, l ignre 1 is a vertical central section through my heater, showing its interior arrangement. Fig. 2 is an isometrical representation of the first section above the co1nbustion-chamber. Fig. is an isometrical representation of the perforated section which is located above the tire-chamber. Fig. 4 is an isometrical representation of the fire-chamber.

The heater represented in the drawings is :designed for heating buildings and is capable of use elther as a hot-water or steam heater,

and in this instance is of cylindrical form; but it is evident that other forms may be constructed and still retain the essential features of my invention.

The lower supporting-frame has its bottom 1 raised some distance to admit of an air-passage beneath it, and has an opening 2 therein, which may be opened or closed by means of a damper 3 and regulating device 4. This supporting-frame has a flange 5 rising from its upper surface which retains an outer casing in position. Upon this supporting-frame is secured a section 6, which forms an ashreceptacle, and within which is supported a grate 7 of any of the known constructions adapted for such use. A-firechamber 8 rests upon the sect-ion 6, and is composed of an inner lining 9 and outer lining 10, held separated by top and bottom ends. The top end in this instance is provided with four verti- (No model.)

cal openings 11, around which rise bosses, and between said openings on the upper surface of the top end are located spiral division-strips 12, for the purpose of conducting air to top edge of fire. Inlet-pipes 13 communicate with the space between the linings on opposite side, but it is evident that any number of inlets or a continuous one may be provided. Upon the upper end of the firechamber is supported and secured a combustion-chamber by lugs projecting from the meeting surfaces of the chambers and bolts passed therethro ugh. This comb ustion-ehamber is composed of an outer wall 1-1 and inner wall 15, and has vertical openings 16 in its upper and lower ends connecting with the openings 11 in the fire-chamber. This chamber is also provided with vertical openings 17, which divide the walls composing the chamber into sections or vertical tlues for a purpose which will appear in the description of the operation of my heater. Upon this combustion-chamber is supported the remaining sections which compose the heater, and as I lay no claim to the construction of the same a further description is deemed unnecessary, only so far as the means of forming a communication between the combustion-chamber and the first section supported thereby, which consists of the under plate of the section 18 being provided with perforations 19 to coincide with the openings 16 in the top of the eombustion-chamber, and the top section of the series having outlet-pipes 90.

An outercasing 21 embraces the various sections of the heater above section 18, and a casing 22 surrounds section 18 and all the parts below it, and is retained in position by the flange 5. This last-named casing is somewhat larger than the casing 21, so as to leave an airspace hetween it and the outer edge of the section 18. Between the section 18 and the one next above is located a horizontal pipe 23, which has a connection with the space between the casing 22 and lower sections of the heater. This ,pipe extends radially until it reaches the f nel-magazine 21, where a depending branch 25 follows the exterior surface of the magazine and opens near its lower end. Tubes or pipes or a continuous ring may be constructed on top of fire in a surface burner or heater with no magazine.

The upper surface of section 18 shown at Fig. 2, and the central opening 26 permits the passage of the fuel-magazine, while the small opening 27 holds the depending pipes 25 in their position relatingwith the fuelunagazi ne, said magazine being supported in a vertical position, having its lower end extending some distance within the combustion-chainberand passing through the various sections com posing the heater, which are located above the fire-chamber.

Into a heater constructed as above described, and illustrated in the drawings, water is admitted through the inlet-pipes 133, which will fill the space between the walls of the fire-chamber. It will then rise into the space between the walls of the combustionchamber, thence into the section 18, and fill all sections above it and be discharged through the outer pipes 20, which communicate with the radiators in the buildings to be heated. When the circuit is 1nadc,a connection will be made with the inlet-pipes 13. Fire is then started in the fire-chamber by admitting air through the fire-grate in the usual manner, and when well started the fuel-magazine will be filled with fuel. The products of combustion will pass through the opening 17, formed in the section composing the combustion-chamber, and will bedirected in anupward direction by the inclined shield 28, through the openings formed in the various sections of the heater, until it reaches the pipe 29, which has a connection with a suitable flue. By partially closing the opening which admits air to the fire under the grate and opening the damper 3 air will be taken in through the bottom of the heater and will pass up along the exteriorsurface of the ash-receptacle, fire-chamber, inclined shield 28, and outer surface of section 18, thereby becoming gradually heated as it rises, when it will enter the pipes 23 and descend the pipes 25 and mingle with the air admitted through the grate, which, owing to its heated condition, will not retard the tire, but will add to its heating qualities and greatly as sist in the consumption of smoke and gases.

As will be seen by an inspection of Fig. 4, a space is left between the sections composing' the fire and combustion chambers, said division-line being above the fire located within the fire-chan1ber. The object of this opening is to admit air over the fire which has been somewhat heated in the space between the outside of the lower sections of the heater and the casing 22. When this current of air mingles with the air ad mittcd through the grate and what descends the pipes 25, all the products of combustion pass through the two heated currents of air before going to the outlet or chimney. Increased heat will result, and when the products of combustion pass through the openings in the section composing the combustion-chamber the water contained between the walls of the section will be readily heated, as the heat comes in contact with its inside and outside surfaces and the surfaces from the openings 17. The division-strips 12 may be in spiral form, and any number of them employed to give to the air a spiral motion, thereby increasing its effect. The depending pipes 25, which are represented as being vertical, may run in a spiral direction, which would give them greater length and consequently greater heating-surface.

It is evident that certain elements of my improvementsherein set forth can be applied to ordinary heatingstoves or other constructions of furnaces and heaters, and that the pipes 25 may extend only to the under surface of the section 18 without departing from my invention.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a heater, the combination of a firechamber and a combustion-chamber in separate parts having inner and outer Wall s,a central space therebetween, the walls of the combustion-chamber being slotted-to permit of the escape of the products of combustion, substantially as set forth.

2. In a heater, the combination of a firechamber and a combustion-chamber removably united, each of said chambers composed of two walls, the space formed by the walls of the fire-chamber having a communication with the space in the comlnistion-chaniber, said spaces having inlet and outlet openings and the walls of said combustion-chamber being slotted to permit the escape of the products of combustion, substantially as set forth.

3. In a heater, the combination of a firechamber and a combustion-chamber, the meeting surfaces of said chambers provided with openings which permit of the passage of air into the coinbustion-chamber, and the walls of said combustion-chamber being slotted to permit the escape of the products of combustion, substantially as set forth.

71:. In a heater, the combination of a firechamber and a combustion-chamber, the meeting surfaces of said chambers provided with openings which permit of the passage of air into and at the edge of combustion-chamber, with a pipe or pipes communicating with the externalair and dischargingon top of tire, thus creating two currents of air, through which all the products of combustion may pass before leaving combustion-chamber, substantially as set forth.

THOMAS FARMER, JR.

\Vitnesses:

W. K. ATEN, (J. D. WALKER.

ITO 

